| Ca 5a-40 |
Free Fatty Acids |
The AOCS Ca 5a-40 method measures free fatty acid content in vegetable and marine oils, as well as animal fats. This test is most appropriate for feedstock sources for renewable fuels.
|
25 mL |
$50.00 |
| D 86 |
Distillation at 90% rec., atmospheric |
The D86 Distillation method is a measure of fuel volatility. The appropriate volatility range will assure maximum power output and fuel economy. This method is appropriate for diesel, diesel blends, gasoline, and gasoline blends.
|
200 mL |
$61.00 |
| D 93 |
Flash Point, closed cup |
The D93 Flash Point method reports the temperature at which ignitable vapors are produced and is a requirement for safe fuel storage and handling. This method can also be an indirect measure of fuel contamination, i.e. gasoline in diesel.
|
200 mL |
$37.00 |
| D 97 |
Pour Point |
The D97 Pour Point method determines approximately the lowest temperature at which a fuel can be pumped. This test is appropriate for materials with freezing points above -52°C
|
50 mL |
$53.00 |
| D 130 |
Copper Corrosion at 50°C |
The D130 Copper Strip Corrosion method determines the corrosiveness of the fuel to copper metal and is a general indication of the tendency to cause corrosion of metal surfaces.
|
50 mL |
$40.00 |
| D 381 |
Solvent-washed Gum Content |
The D381 Washed and Unwashed Gum Content measures the amount of gum residues present in the fuel. Gums are varnish-like oxidation products that can cause sticking and plugging of moving fuel components. This test is most appropriate for gasoline, ethanol, gasoline blends, and aviation fuels. The D6217 and D7321 methods are better suited for diesel, biodiesel, and diesel blends.
|
75 mL |
$46.00 |
| D 381 |
Unwashed Gum Content |
The D381 Washed and Unwashed Gum Content measures the amount of gum residues present in the fuel. Gums are varnish-like oxidation products that can cause sticking and plugging of moving fuel components. This test is most appropriate for gasoline, ethanol, gasoline blends, and aviation fuels. The D6217 and D7321 methods are better suited for diesel, biodiesel, and diesel blends.
|
75 mL |
$46.00 |
| D 445 |
Kinematic Viscosity cSt@40°C |
The D445 Kinematic Viscosity method determines the viscosity of the fuel. Fuel that is too low or too high in viscosity will not inject or atomize properly in the cylinder. This can affect fuel economy and possibly cause excessive engine wear over time.
|
20 mL |
$42.00 |
| D 482 |
Ash |
The D482 Ash method determines the non-combustible material in a fuel such as metallic deposits. Significant ash content can cause engine deposits and excessive engine wear. The D482 method is appropriate for diesel and diesel blends (B6 to B20); the D874 Sulfated Ash method is appropriate for biodiesel.
|
100 mL |
$45.00 |
| D 482 |
Ash (for glycerin) |
The D482 Ash method determines the non-combustible material in a fuel such as metallic deposits. Significant ash content can cause engine deposits and excessive engine wear. The D482 method is appropriate for diesel and diesel blends (B6 to B20); the D874 Sulfated Ash method is appropriate for biodiesel.
|
50 mL |
$55.00 |
| D 524 |
Ramsbottom Carbon Residue |
The D524 Ramsbottom Carbon Residue method measures the amount of carbonaceous material after evaporation and pyrolysis of the sample. This will give a relative indication of coke-forming ability. This method is appropriate for diesel and diesel blends.
|
120 mL |
$94.00 |
| D 613 |
Cetane Number |
Cetane is a measure of ignition quality for diesel fuels. Higher cetane fuels tend to increase power output and engine efficiency, start easier (especially in colder temperatures), and reduce exhaust smoke and odor. The cetane test is appropriate for diesel, biodiesel, and diesel/biodiesel blends. The D2699 and D2700 RON/MON Octane determination is the appropriate ignition quality test for gasoline-based fuels.
This test is performed by an outside laboratory.
|
1000 mL |
$240.00 |
| D 664 |
Total Acid Number |
The D664 Total Acid Number method measures the amount of free fatty acids and mineral acids in biodiesel and diesel blends (B6 to B20). Excessive acid values can lead to engine deposits and corrosion.
|
25 mL |
$47.00 |
| D 874 |
Sulfated Ash |
The D874 Sulfated Ash method determines the non-combustible material in a fuel such as metallic deposits. Significant ash content can cause engine deposits and excessive engine wear. The D874 method is more sensitive to ash formation from sodium and potassium and is therefore more appropriate for biodiesel; the D482 Ash method is appropriate for diesel and diesel blends (B6 to B20).
|
100 mL |
$51.00 |
| D 976 |
Cetane Index of Distillate Fuels |
The D976 Calculated Cetane Index is a calculation for estimating the cetane value of distillate fuels. D976 is not valid for biodiesel or diesel blends. D976 can be used as a substitute for the D1319 Hydrocarbon Types method (Aromaticity).
Calculation that requires Density (D 4052) and Distillation (D 86).
|
115 mL |
$102.00 |
| D 1160 |
Distillation at 90% rec., AET |
The D1160 Vacuum Distillation method is suitable for giving the boiling point range of biodiesel. Biodiesel has a very narrow boiling point range, and this method assures that no high boiling adulterants such as unprocessed fats or oils are present. The D86 method is more appropriate for diesel and diesel blends.
|
250 mL |
$78.00 |
| D 1688 |
Copper |
The D1688 Copper method determines the amount of copper in aqueous solutions. Copper is a very active catalyst for hydrocarbon oxidation and can contribute to gum formation in gasoline and gasoline blends. This method is typically used for denatured fuel ethanol and E85 blends.
|
50 mL |
$38.00 |
| D 1796 |
Water and Sediment |
The D1796 Water & Sediment method is used to measure the amount of visible water, sediment, and suspended matter in heavier petroleum products like oil. The D2709 Water & Sediment method is more appropriate for diesel and biodiesel. These methods do not detect entrained water; the D6304 Karl Fischer moisture titration is more suitable for entrained water.
|
150 mL |
$37.00 |
| D 2500 |
Cloud Point |
The D2500 Cloud Point method determines the temperature at which fuel particles begin to visibly form a cloud of crystalline fuel molecules, but fuel flow is not yet completely restricted. For diesel and diesel blends, the Cloud Point gives an indication of where the Cold Filter Plug Point (D6371) may be, which is typically only a few degrees lower than the Cloud Point. At the Plug Point temperature, fuel flow is restricted. This test is suitable for biodiesel, diesel, and diesel blends.
|
50 mL |
$38.00 |
| D 2709 |
Water and Sediment |
The D2709 Water & Sediment method is used to measure the amount of visible water, sediment, and suspended matter in fuel oils such as diesel and biodiesel. The D1796 Water & Sediment method is more appropriate for heavier petroleum products like oil. These methods do not detect entrained water; the D6304 Karl Fischer moisture titration is more suitable for entrained water.
|
150 mL |
$35.00 |
| D 4052 |
Density by Digital Density Meter |
The D4052 Density method measures the density of liquids. Standard density measurements are generally taken at 15.6°C and several measures of density can be obtained. Density is the mass per unit volume of fuel and is typically reported as g/mL. Relative Density and Specific Gravity are the same measurement and is the density of the fuel divided by the density of water at the same temperature. This value is unitless. API gravity is a calculated measure of density where low API indicates a high-density fuel and high API indicates a low-density fuel.
|
15 mL |
$26.00 |
| D 4052 |
Specific Gravity (Relative Density) |
The D4052 Density method measures the density of liquids. Standard density measurements are generally taken at 15.6°C and several measures of density can be obtained. Density is the mass per unit volume of fuel and is typically reported as g/mL. Relative Density and Specific Gravity are the same measurement and is the density of the fuel divided by the density of water at the same temperature. This value is unitless. API gravity is a calculated measure of density where low API indicates a high-density fuel and high API indicates a low-density fuel.
|
15 mL |
$26.00 |
| D 4052 |
API Gravity |
The D4052 Density method measures the density of liquids. Standard density measurements are generally taken at 15.6°C and several measures of density can be obtained. Density is the mass per unit volume of fuel and is typically reported as g/mL. Relative Density and Specific Gravity are the same measurement and is the density of the fuel divided by the density of water at the same temperature. This value is unitless. API gravity is a calculated measure of density where low API indicates a high-density fuel and high API indicates a low-density fuel.
|
15 mL |
$26.00 |
| D 4176 |
Visual Inspection |
The D4176 Visual Inspection provides a visual assessment of fuel quality. Procedure 1 looks for visual evidence of haze, water droplets, and/or sediment. Procedure 2 uses a numerical description for the strength of haze present in the fuel.
|
500 mL |
$17.00 |
| D 4530 |
Carbon Residue |
The D4530 Carbon Residue method measures the amount of carbonaceous material after evaporation and pyrolysis of the sample. This will give a relative indication of coke-forming ability. This method is more commonly used with biodiesel samples.
|
5 mL |
$37.00 |
| D 4737 |
Cetane Index by Four Variable Equation |
The D4737 Cetane Index method uses a 4-variable equation to estimate the cetane value. This method is appropriate for diesel fuels that do not contain a cetane improver. The method is not valid for biodiesel or diesel/biodiesel blends (B6 to B20).
Calculation that requires Density (D 4052) and Distillation (D 86)
|
115 mL |
$102.00 |
| D 4814 |
Driveability Index |
The D4814 Driveability Index is an indirect measure of a fuel's volatility, therefore indicating the quality of engine start and warm-up. Fuels with a higher DI are less volatile than those with a lower DI. The Driveability Index is a calculation that requires D86 distillation and D4815 ethanol content and can be calculated for gasoline containing up to 15 % volume ethanol.
Calculation that requires Distillation (D 86) and Ethanol Content (D 4815).
|
110 mL |
$156.00 |
| D 4814 |
Calculated V/L Ratio |
The D4814 Calculated V/L Ratio gives an approximation for the Vapor-Liquid ratio as measured by the D5188 Vapor-Liquid Ratio Temperature Determination test. The calculation requires D86 Distillation and D5191 Vapor Pressure and is applicable for gasoline containing up to 15 % volume ethanol.
Calculation that requires Distillation (D 86) and Vapor Pressure (D 5191).
|
130 mL |
$116.00 |
| D 4815 |
Ethanol Content (E20 & lower blends) |
The D4815 Ethanol Content method measures the amount of ethanol in gasoline blends up to E20 (20 % ethanol). For ethanol amounts over 20 %, the D5501 method is more appropriate.
|
10 mL |
$80.00 |
| D 5191 |
Vapor Pressure (DVPE) |
The D5191 Vapor Pressure method measures the vapor pressure exerted by liquid fuels and is given as the Dry Vapor Pressure Equivalent (DVPE) which very closely approximates the results obtained by ASTM D4953 Vapor Pressure (Dry Method). This test is most suitable for gasoline and gasoline blends up to 85 % ethanol.
At least 30 mL of sample required with between 20% and 30% headspace.
|
30 mL |
$40.00 |
| D 5453 |
Sulfur |
The D5453 Sulfur method measures the total sulfur content by UV fluorescence. This test is suitable for most liquid hydrocarbons and some solids (i.e. fats and feedstock materials) if they can be dissolved in toluene. This method is not suitable for glycerin.
|
20 mL |
$51.00 |
| D 5501 |
Ethanol/Methanol Content (E21 & higher blends) |
The D5501 Ethanol Content method measures the ethanol and methanol content of denatured fuel ethanol and higher ethanol blends (E21 to E85). For ethanol contents below 20 % (E0 to E20), the D4815 method is more appropriate.
|
15 mL |
$105.00 |
| D 6217 |
Total Particulates (Diesel) |
The D6217 Total Particulates method uses filtration to measure the total contamination by mass in diesel and diesel blends. The D7321 Particulate Contamination method is more suitable for biodiesel (B100). These filtration methods are typically not suitable for gasoline and gasoline blends; the D381 Gum Content is a better method for these fuels.
|
500 mL |
$46.00 |
| D 6371 |
Cold Filter Plug Point |
The D6371 Cold Filter Plug Point method measures the temperature at which the fuel has produced enough crystalline structure (freezing) to restrict flow. This test is suitable for biodiesel, diesel, and diesel blends.
|
50 mL |
$44.00 |
| D 6423 |
pHe |
The D6423 pHe method measures the hydrogen ion activity (pH) of ethanol fuels. The pHe value is a good indication of the corrosion potential of the fuel. This method is not suitable for hydrocarbon oils such as diesel and biodiesel.
|
75 mL |
$33.00 |
| D 6584 |
Free and Total Glycerin
Monoglycerides
Diglycerides
Triglycerides |
The D6584 Free and Total Glycerin method for biodiesel measures the amount of free glycerin (glycerin by itself) and glycerides (glycerin attached to fatty acid chains- mono-, di- and triglycerides). The method will report a Total Glycerin value which is the combined amount of free glycerin plus the amount of glycerin bound by fatty acid chains. These compounds are residual contaminants of the biodiesel production process.
|
10 mL |
$83.00 |
| D 6974 |
Microbial Count (Proc. C) |
The D6974 Microbial Content method gives an approximation for the bacterial and mycological (molds and fungi) content of the fuel. The D6304 KF Moisture content along with the Microbial content can provide a very useful snapshot of fuel quality. This method is not routinely used for gasoline or gasoline blends due to the general inability for microbes to grow successfully in these fuels.
|
500 mL |
$56.00 |
| D 7319 |
Inorganic Chloride/Existent Sulfate |
The D7319 Inorganic Chloride/Existent Sulfate method measures chlorides and sulfates in denatured fuel ethanol and E85 blends. Excess chlorides and sulfates can contribute to the formation of filter and injector plugging deposits.
|
20 mL |
$61.00 |
| D 7321 |
Total Contamination (Biodiesel) |
The D7321 Total Contamination method uses filtration to measure the total contamination by mass in biodiesel. The D6217 Total Particulates method is more suitable for diesel and diesel blends. These filtration methods are typically not suitable for gasoline and gasoline blends; the D381 Gum Content is a better method for these fuels.
|
500 mL |
$46.00 |
| D 7371 |
Biodiesel Content in Diesel, % (v/v) |
The D7371 Biodiesel Content method determines the percent volume of biodiesel in a diesel/biodiesel blend. This test is different than the EN 14103 FAME method which determines the % mass of methyl esters in a B100 product.
|
10 mL |
$33.00 |
| D 7501 |
Cold Soak Filterability |
The D7501 Cold Soak Filtration method gives an approximation for the cold weather performance of a B100 product. The sample is chilled, warmed back to room temperature, and then timed for how long it takes to pass through a filter. The test is designed to check for particulates that may come out of solution at colder temperatures. The test is designed for B100, although the test can be performed for diesel and diesel blends.
|
350 mL |
$53.00 |
| D 7716m |
Methanol Content |
The D7716m Methanol in Glycerin method determines the amount of methanol in crude glycerin. The method is slightly modified with a more robust calibration curve that will capture the higher methanol content typically found in crude glycerin samples.
|
5 mL |
$56.00 |
| D 7795 |
Acidity (as acetic acid) |
The D7795 Acidity in Ethanol method gives a quantitative measure of acidic compounds in ethanol and ethanol blends and expresses the result as acetic acid. Even very low concentrations of organic acids such as acetic acid can be very corrosive to fuel components and so it is important to assure that these acids are in very low levels.
|
75 mL |
$46.00 |
| D 7872 (m) |
Polymer Content by Gel Permeation Chromatography |
The D7872m Polymer Content by Gel Permeation Chromatography is a slightly modified method for determining the polymer content of liquid fuels. Polymers are commonly found in pipeline additives and cold-flow additives and, when in excess, can cause issues like filter plugging.
|
10 mL |
$200.00 |
| E 203 |
KF Moisture (Volumetric) |
The E203 Volumetric KF Moisture method measures the level of moisture entrained in a fuel sample by Karl Fischer titration. This test is very sensitive and can detect water in the low ppm (parts per million) range. This method is suitable for any fuel sample but is more commonly used for samples with ethanol content, or for samples expected to contain higher concentrations of water.
|
5 mL |
$42.00 |
| D 6304 |
KF Moisture (Coulometric) |
The D6304 Coulometric KF Moisture method measures the level of moisture entrained in a fuel sample by Karl Fischer titration. This test is very sensitive and can detect water in the low ppm (parts per million) range. For ethanol and ethanol blends, or samples expected to contain higher amounts of water, the E203 Volumetric KF Moisture method is more appropriate.
|
5 mL |
$42.00 |
| EN 14103 |
FAME (GC) |
The EN 14103 FAME method is used to determine the mass percent of methyl esters in a B100 product. This test should not be confused with the D7371 Biodiesel Content method that measures the amount of biodiesel (FAME) in a diesel blend.
|
10 mL |
$94.00 |
| EN 14110 |
Methanol (Biodiesel) |
The EN 14110 Methanol Content method determines the amount of residual methanol in biodiesel.
|
5 mL |
$58.00 |
| EN 14538 |
Metals including Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium & Potassium
includes Phosphorus (D 4951) |
The EN 14538 Metals analysis uses ICP-OES to measure calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium in biodiesel. This analysis is offered as a package and includes D4951 Phosphorus. This test is intended for biodiesel, but any hydrocarbon fat or oil can be analyzed as long as it can be dissolved in kerosene. Other elements can be assayed as well- check for availability.
|
30 mL |
$140.00 |
| EN 15751 |
Oxidation Stability |
The EN 15751 Oxidation Stability method gives a relative measure of fuel stability. The test is commonly used for B100 products but is valid for diesel blends containing at least 2 % biodiesel.
|
20 mL |
$56.00 |
| In-House |
Mass Spectrometry |
Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) can be used to identify unknown compounds or to give a more detailed look at the composition of a fuel product or feedstock material. This instrument has been especially useful for analyzing filter residue from plugged filters or analyzing fuel samples that may have been adulterated (vandalized).
|
10 mL |
$130.00 |
| In-house |
Glycerin Content |
The Glycerin Content method (HPLC) was developed in-house to measure the glycerin content of the crude glycerin by-product of biodiesel production.
|
5 mL |
$72.00 |
| In-house |
In-House, Feedstock Forensic Analysis |
The Feedstock Forensic Analysis was developed to give a compositional analysis of feedstock materials used for biodiesel production (fats and oils). This method uses standard gas chromatography at higher temperatures to give an approximation of diglyceride and triglyceride content, followed by mass spectroscopy (limited to a lower temperature) to give a breakdown of the free fatty acids, sterols, tocopherols, and any other compounds that may be present.
|
5 mL |
$165.00 |